Tag Archives: mental tennis

Tennis Training – Personality

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Personality Based Training

“Personality profiling assists coaches, athletes, and parents in understanding how individuals gather information and make decisions. It’s how we are wired. It’s what makes us tick.”
Frank Giampaolo

Personality Based Training (PBT) is a training method that focuses the attention on the athlete’s unique brain design as opposed to the educator. When applying PBT, tennis pros and parents welcome and respect the athlete’s unique preferred styles of learning, behaving and playing the game.  The athletes feel empowered because their views and needs are recognized. And once understood, students are more motivated and inspired to learn and improve. An inspired student is more likely to take the leadership role in achieving their goals.

“Athletes would benefit from understanding the advantages and disadvantages of their unique brain design. It’s why they are naturally good at some things and uncomfortable with others.”

It’s important to note that while I’ve studied sports psychology for the past 30 years, I am a veteran, “In the Trenches” practical application tennis coach, not an “Academia” psychologist. But neither were Katharine Briggs and her daughter Isabel Myers, authors of the famous Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI- A psychological questionnaire used to understand individuals mental preferences.) published in the United States in 1943. Together Myers-Briggs noticed that individuals have different temperaments and unique ways of seeing the world.

While some scientists say the MBTI doesn’t stand up to scientific reliability, I can say with all honesty that it has helped me coach over 100 National Champions and several Pro tour athletes. More importantly, personality profiling benefits my athletes and their entourage of parents, coaches, and trainers at a much deeper level. A study conducted by Psychology Today, reports that approximately 80% of Fortune 500 companies use various personality tests to hire future employees, to assess progress, and to maximize efficiency and harmony through team building events.

The time has come to broaden the role of personality profiling into the athletic realm, as I have outlined in The Soft Science of Tennis.

Getting to know the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

The MBTI is the most popular psychometric questionnaire designed to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions. It’s my intention to bring to light the usefulness of brain preference identification in the tennis industry. Each student has a preferred way of seeing the world. The basic MBTI theory categorizes preferences into four groups from which individuals identify their dominant cerebral preference.

The Typographies Include:

  • Extraversion (“E”)-  People/Places
  • Introversion (“I”)- Theories/ Information

  • Sensing (“S”)- Facts/Reality
  • Intuition (“N”) Possibilities/Potential

  • Thinking (“T”)- Logic/Truthfulness
  • Feeling (“F”)- Harmony/Relationships

  • Judgment (“J”)- Orderly/Structured  
  • Perception (“P”)- Flexible/Adaptable

For each of the above pairings, your athletes typically have a preference for one system above the other. The combination of their four preferences gives them their initial assessment in a four-letter acronym. An example is personality profile: ISTP (Introvert Sensate Thinker Perceiver)

“View your athlete’s brain design (dominant and auxiliary) the same way you would view right-handed versus left-handed body type functions. Each athlete has an inborn preferred system.”

In my experience, personality profiling is a soft science, meaning other factors such as nurturing and environments skew the data. With that said, I believe that athletes have specific preferences in the way they experience the world and these choices affect their actions, values, and motivational needs on and off the tennis court.

Universal Truths

  • Gaining an understanding of this soft science takes time. Be patient as you learn to apply this new found skill. I encourage you to apply personality profiling as a means to understand how students tick versus stereotyping or grouping athletes by mere age or general ability.
  • Coaches can’t change an athlete’s primary brain design, but they can nurture both the individual’s weaker, opposing profile and strengthen their dominant profile.
  • Interestingly, on rare occasions, a student’s on-court persona opposes their off-court persona.
  • Everyone exhibits both dominant and auxiliary traits. For example, introverts can be quite sociable for short stints of time.
  • There isn’t a right, wrong, superior, or inferior type, but rather preferred approaches to the game and life. Although there are only 16 unique brain design categories, everyone is unique. For example, there is a broad spectrum of each preference ranging from moderate to extreme.
  • All brain designs need to devote time and energy to nurturing their non-dominant functions.
  • It is not unlikely for athletes young and old to inaccurately self-profile their brain design to fit into a more popular, cool version of themselves.
  • Pay attention to other’s brain design because this is why opposite types make you crazy and similar types make you comfortable.
  • An athlete will benefit significantly from understanding the advantages and disadvantages of their unique design.
  • Customized development through personality profiling increases self-esteem and breeds confidence, which is seen in the athlete’s peaceful performance.
  • Profiling your athlete’s personalities won’t provide you with the final answers, but it will assist in organizing their unique developmental pathways, which will maximize enjoyment, as well as help them to reach their potential at a quicker rate.
  • It’s our job as educators and parents to de-code each athlete, so we are better equipped to assist them in maximizing their potential.
  • Due to the combination of nature and nurture, exceptions shadow every rule in the soft science of personality profiling.

In chapters 8-11, challenges and dominant solutions are presented to help understand the specific cerebral designs. It is important to note that many of the given solutions may also be used with other cognitive types.

The following chapters uncover the valuable benefits that result from revealing the mental typographies of our athletes.

The Soft Science of Tennis

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 Creating an Exceptional Culture

Mr. Martinez is the tennis operations manager at Big Sky Country Club. A short time ago, he hired Richard as their new tennis director. Richard played college ball, graduated with a highly regarded tennis management degree and his resume checked all the boxes. On the technical side, Richard was microscopically detailed. He could spot a student’s opposing force vectors on their serve six courts away. He was adept at video analysis, organizing compass draws, teaching stroke fundamentals and eager to oversee the clubs racket stringing service. On paper, Richard was a good fit for a Country Club.

Sadly, within weeks, Richard turned out to be a nightmare. While he had tennis business knowledge, he possessed no interpersonal communication skills. Richard’s interactions with members and co-workers were so poor; it led to his termination just one month into the job. Let’s look into why Richard was let go so soon from Big Sky Country Club.

Richard had a pompous demeanor toward everyone all the time. When adult members would ask for his assistance, he would respond with a loud disrespectful sigh.  When Mrs. Jones asked him to fill in with the ladies league for 15-20 minutes until Helen arrived, Richard shook his head in disgust and said, “My hitting rate is the same as my lesson rate. For me to go on court, it’s $120.00 an hour!” Richard even drew complaints from the parents of the junior program because he would scold the children if they smiled and laughed in their beginner’s clinic. Richard was a taskmaster, and to him, clinics were to work and not to play.

The clubs co-workers were also scared of Richard. His pessimistic problem-oriented view of his job made him uncomfortable to be around. The clubs assistant pros reported that he would consistently complain about the facility and the management staff directly to the members. His negative verbal and nonverbal communication reaped havoc throughout the club.

Richard was also incompetent at the most essential interpersonal communication skill:  listening.  For example, one Friday afternoon, Mr. Martinez, the club manager, handed two rackets to Richard and told him that he had assured junior club member, Joey, that both his rackets would be strung by Saturday morning at 8:00 am. He could pick them up on his way out-of-town to the tournament.  Although Richard was looking at Mr. Martinez as he took Joey’s rackets from him, Richard wasn’t listening. His focus was on a tennis match on the pro-shop television.

So Joey and his dad stopped in Saturday morning and his rackets sat unstrung in the pro-shop. The members were obviously upset and Mr. Martinez was furious with Richard.  Mr. Martinez addressed Richard about why they were not strung, and he snapped: “You didn’t tell me to string them yesterday!”

After multiple “red flags” Mr. Martinez had no choice but to put Richard on probation. Richards’s lack of interpersonal communication skills continued to disrupt the clubs optimistic culture. Richard didn’t possess the ability to problem solve, adapt, correct issues or even care to attempt to fit into the clubs corporate guidelines. The final straw was when a member came into the pro-shop and complained that his children are no longer enjoying the clinics and they are considering going elsewhere for lessons. Richard took it personally, called the member an idiot, and instigated a shouting match, “If you want Mikey and Lauren to learn the correct strokes, let me do my job! If you want them to be hackers…then go! I don’t care!”

Richard’s lack of communication skills instigated his firing. He couldn’t apply appropriate decision making, empathy, analyze options or come up with win-win solutions. It was his way or the highway- period. Insulting the members prompted Richard’s demise. The members quit the club and Richard lost his job.

Interpersonal Communication

If technical knowledge is the science of teaching, interpersonal communication is the art of teaching. Interpersonal communication characterizes the interaction that takes place between two or more people. In the coaching world, gaining an understanding of the sports biomechanics is important, but mastering communication is essential. Is your athlete being nurtured interpersonal skills? The following is a laundry list of interpersonal communication skills that facilitate success in tennis and in life.

Accountable, Accuracy, Adaptability, Adept, Alertness, Ambition, Amiability, Analytical, Articulate, Assertive, Attentiveness, Business-like, Capable, Caring, Competence, Confidence, Conscientiousness, Considerate, Consistency, Cooperation, Creative, Critical Thinking, Dedication, Dependability, Detail Oriented, Determination, Diplomatic, Efficiency, Empathy, Encouraging, Energy, Enterprising, Ethical, Experienced, Flexibility, Hardworking, Helpfulness, Honesty, Imaginative, Independent, Industriousness, Influential, Innovation, Insightful, Intuitive, Leadership, Logical Thinking, Loyal, Management, Motivation, Nonverbal Communication, Optimism, Organizational, Passion, Patience, Perceptive, Positive, Practical, Problem Solving, Productive, Professional, Progressive, Punctual, Rational, Realistic, Reflective, Reliable, Resourceful, Respectful, Responsible, Sense Of Humor, Sincere, Sociable, Teachable, Teaching, Teamwork, Technical Literacy, Tolerance, Trustworthy, Understanding, Verbal Communication, Versatility, Visionary, Work Ethic…Whew!

Without a doubt, any parent or coach would love to have their athletes possess these personal skills.

Excellence begins with a positive culture both at home and at the club. In our sport, invested athletes don’t search out places like “Allen’s Average Tennis Academy” or “Mike’s Mundane Monday Night Clinic.” On a conscious level, parents and athletes seek excellent technical knowledge. On the subconscious level, they pursue meaningful interpersonal relationships.

The culture I recommend is solution-oriented versus problem-oriented. Athletes are much more likely to flourish in a solution orientated environment. Coaches that provide a solution-based program are teaching lasting life skills.

A Great Replacement Tip:

Occasionally trade in the old school, pre-hit stretching routine with an upbeat dance-off. Turn up the tunes and watch athletes laugh their guts out while they dynamically stretch their bodies. Trust me, even if they arrive tired, stressed or negative, as they let go, they’ll dance their worries away, and you’ll have 25 kids with 25 huge smiles!

A positive mindset is a precursor to a meaningful session. Parents, the preceding replacement solution also works wonders at home as a way to motivate the family to seek optimism.

“An exceptional culture creates the positive attitude and mindset that promotes growth strategies, which in turn sustains excellence in competition.”

It’s important to note that despite the student’s inherent athletic ability, level of play or commitment to the game, each student deserves the same sports science data, focus, and energy as a high performer. In fact, providing a rich culture of mentoring is precisely how average performers blossom into the high-performance category.

Over the past few years, I conducted an informal study on the culture of tennis facilities throughout my travels around the world. I came to some very predictable conclusions:

The programs with a positive culture were monitored and often reviewed by the owners. They were optimistic by design, and as a result, they achieved thriving, positive environments. They attracted top players organically via their triumphant athletes and their satisfied parents. They also acquired disgruntled clients from the negative cultured programs. As a result, the programs with a positive culture retained athletes up to three times as long as their problem oriented rivals.

The programs with a problem-oriented drill Sargent culture, struggled to keep coaches, to keep students and to pay the rent. As a result, they had to partake in serious recruiting, sales, and marketing to just to keep their doors open.

Audio Book Now Available

The Soft Science of Tennis Now Available in Audio Format Click Here

We all know that mental toughness and emotional resolve are critical skill sets in competition. The Soft Science of Tennis is specially designed to improve the seemingly mysterious software skills. With this groundbreaking book, the athlete will realize an exceptional culture, stronger communication techniques, and a deeper connection. The Soft Science of Tennis helps players, parents, and coaches to identify individual personality profiles and unique cerebral designs to assist them in understanding how the athlete’s inborn genetic predispositions affect their behavior on and off the court. Also included is the importance of positive character traits, life skills, and why a healthy moral compass matters. The Soft Science of Tennis dissects how to conquer essential performance anxieties such as overriding negative belief systems, eliminating internal judgment, and building coachable athletes. Rounding out this book, are several chapters, favored by high IQ coaches around the world, uniquely focused on how to change fixed mindsets, managing fear and risk, and developing confidence and self-esteem. Within these pages, it is my goal to share everything you didn’t even know…you needed to know about the soft science of tennis.

Rethinking Stress- Emotional Aptitude

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The follow post is an excerpt from Emotional Aptitude in Sports

Rethinking Stress

A very common view within the athletic community is that stress is the enemy in competition- the more stress felt, the worse the performance. Essentially believing that nothing good comes from stress.  But this belief couldn’t be further from the truth. Stress is actually very beneficial to the competitive athlete. Athletes who accept that stress is part of competition, are actually healthier competitors and much more likely to succeed.  How one views competition, ultimately determines the effects that stress has on their performance. In fact, on the playing fields, chasing excellence is better for your well-being than trying to avoid the stress (pain) of competition.

Let’s join up with Evan and Jarrod one last time. This time to discuss their take on the stress of competition.

Question: How does stress in competition effect performance?

Evan: When I feel stressed, my heart beats faster, raising my adrenaline levels and pumping more oxygen throughout my body.  I see stress as a plus- preparing me for the battle. Stress tells me it’s “GO TIME” and I focus better. Without the stress, there wouldn’t be extra hormones running through my body giving me an extra boost.

Jarrod: In the past, when I’m freaking out … My stomach hurt and I became irritable, overwhelmed and angry. All I would think about is the outcome and I panicked and choked.  I guess I chose to go that route. I used to be an
idiot …

Frank’s Tip: Stress isn’t the culprit. It’s how individuals choose to view the stress. If you’re a bit like Jarrod, it is time to apply stress management solutions to help you flip your attitude and learn to use stress to improve your performance.

Final thoughts on Evan and Jarrod: I had a feeling that Evan would help provide young athletes with an optimistic, solution-based voice coming from their peer group. Honestly, I was very worried about Jarrod in the beginning of this process. I speculated wrongly that his narcissistic views couldn’t be swayed. As we dug deeper into the benefits of emotional aptitude, Jarrod slowly but surely changed his rigid stance and began to accept this developmental process. I couldn’t be more pleased that Jarrod is now on board.

Real Talent Is Emotional Toughness

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The Real Talent Is Emotional Toughness

Emotional Aptitude Is a Skill

At the start of a Southern California junior tennis tournament, the referee calls Kristen Michaels and Jenny Scott to court number four for their match. Kristen seemed to be a super fit, committed athlete with poise and solid fundamentals.  She was dressed from head to toe in the newest Nike gear with her hair braided to perfection. She walked onto the court, unpacked her Wimbledon tournament towel, Gatorade and water bottle as she meticulously lined them up next to her chair. She then selected two rackets from her Nike tour bag as she “pings” them together to listen for the perfect string tension. Deciding on one, she immediately started shadow swinging and shuffling her feet as she waited for the umpire to perform the mandatory coin toss.

Jenny on the other hand, did not appear to be as polished. In fact, she looked down right amateur in her California board shorts and surfer T-shirt. At the coin toss, Jenny was still wrestling through her tennis bag looking for a hair tie as the umpire yells “heads or tails?” Jenny grabs the only racket she brought and calmly saunters towards the net. She lets Kristin choose to serve or return. Jenny couldn’t care less.

The 5 minute pre-match warm up started and Kristen looked like a professional.  Her movement and strokes were flawless.  Jenny, on the other side of the net looked unorthodox, as she scrambled to return the ball back Kristin’s way.

The referee called time and the match started. Most watching were sure Kristen was going to blow Jenny off the court. But to the spectator’s surprise, Kristin was struggling, down 0-2 within the first 5 minutes of play. The beautiful strokes we had witness in the warm up were gone. By game 3, Kristin reached her maximum frustration tolerance level. She couldn’t keep a backhand in the court as Jenny profiled her opponent and systematically hit every ball to Kristin’s ailing backhand side. Kristen was angry, stomping around, yelling at herself, screaming at her racket, her coach and her mom.  Jenny, on the other hand, was a composed warrior relentlessly picking on Kristin’s weakness. Within 45 minutes, Jenny went on to win 6-2, 6-0. After the match, Jenny’s mom was overheard only uttered three words “Who wants Taco’s?”

As illustrated above, emotional aptitude isn’t typically identifiable until after competition begins. What separates the elite competitors from the emotionally fragile athletes is their ability to thrive under perceived stress. Emotional aptitude is the ability to overcome hardships and to destress situations rather than magnify stressful situations. Athletes struggling with poor emotional aptitude lack confidence, composure, suffer bouts of self-doubt and possess an overwhelming fear of being judged by others. These performance meltdowns often go unseen in practice but shine in all their glory on game day.

Elite competitors are confident that their superior emotional strength will override any hardships and physical limitations. The emotionally weak athletes are convinced that the unfair hardships and their perceived limitations will override their peak performance and catastrophe will once again occur.

An old school word used to describe emotional aptitude is Grit. In regards to high achievers, researchers have come to the conclusion that successful individuals possess traits deeper than the mastery of athletic ability.  Grit is persistent courage, resolve and strength of character. Grit is the learned ability to have “nerves of steel,” fortitude and determination. Interestingly, some athletes are pre-wired to have these essential components and some are not. For those athletes who are not natural combatants, developing emotional aptitude is critical.

Sadly, emotionally weak competitors often ignore the development of such skills.  Cultivating these character traits is what propels the few into the winner’s circle. If you believe that your emotions are holding you hostage on game day and keeping you from the success you deserve, I suggest focusing your attention on the below list of solutions. See Emotional Aptitude In Sports: Click Here

Tennis and Emotional Aptitude

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Preface to Emotional Aptitude in Sports by Frank Giampaolo

Competitive athletes are found in almost every corner of the globe. It is common to see National Championships in every age division from 9 years old to 90 years young and in almost every sport imaginable. In today’s competitive athletic arena, emotional aptitude is essential.  Most players enter the game intently focused on improving technical (fundamentals), mental (strategic) and athletic components. Unfortunately, emotional control supersedes athletic, mental and fundamental development during competition.  Under-developed emotional skill sets debilitate an athlete’s developed strengths- just when they are needed the most…  Remember the quote?

“It’s not the size of the dog in the fight; it’s the size of the fight in the dog.”
                                                      Mark Twain

My bet is that Mark Twain was referring to emotional aptitude. Emotional Aptitude in Sports delves into why athletes with seemingly solid games continue to lose … and lose often as a result of choking and/or panicking under stress. My fascination with this common athletic obstacle led me to research the science of emotional intelligence. It was the work of Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer in 1980’s that inspired NY Times writer Daniel Goleman to write the groundbreaking book, Emotional Intelligence. Goleman collaborated with David McClelland, who was among a group of Harvard researchers interested in cognitive intelligence versus emotional intelligence. Goleman argued that it was not cognitive intelligence that guaranteed business success but emotional intelligence.

Given the importance of emotional intelligence in business success, I began to see the similarity emotional intelligence had on athletes- separating the successful athlete from the unsuccessful athletes. I found that unsuccessful athletes don’t necessarily lack technique, but lack emotional aptitude- which often holds them hostage. Decades of observation has proven to me that strong emotional aptitude is far more important than perfect form in athletic competition. At the higher levels of sports, every athlete has solid fundamentals. Despite being incredibly talented individuals, in the heat of battle, tremendous athletic assets abandon those that lack developed emotional skill sets.

In competitive sports, the parameters in which players are expected to perform are far different than repetitive non stressful practice environments. Athletes expecting to perform identical series of movements/skills mastered in practice are often disappointed in actual competition.

Competition inherently involves uncontrollable variables that requires the adjustment of form. Examples include:

  • The Athlete’s Physical, Mental or Emotional State on the Day of Competition
  • Different Speeds, Spins, Angles and Trajectories of Incoming Balls
  • Different Speeds, Spins, Angles and Trajectories of Outgoing Balls
  • The Athlete’s Body Language, Balance and Stability
  • Different Strategic and Tactical Options Required
  • Varying Environmental Conditions
  • Playing Surface Variations
  • Movement Issues From Standing Still to the Dead Run
  • Time Management (Less Time/More Time Available)
  • Minute Body Link Variations and Adjustments 
  • Opponent’s Styles, Position and Skill Sets

In most sports, adaptable techniques are repeatable sequences of expectations, anticipation, reaction, movement, spacing, coordination and balance followed
by biomechanically efficient fundamentals.

The pressure of competition increases the need for strong emotional aptitude. I believe a missing link in many players’ developmental routines is not understanding when to shift focus from “perfect form” to “solid form with adaptable technique” under the pressure of competition. Far too many intermediate athletes continue to devote 100% of their time and energy toward perfecting technique and ignoring emotional skill set training.  Failure to recognize the importance of performance under stress stunts an athlete’s growth.  How an athlete handles adapting to the variables of competition under stress requires strong emotional aptitude.

In my opinion, athletes, parents and coaches obsessed with one dimensional training are stuck in the slow lane to greatness… hoping for no road blocks along the way. While those in the fast lane are developing the preset protocols to maneuver around those road blocks which maximize player potential at the quickest rate.

Emotional Aptitude in Sports serves as a wakeup call for anyone who is tired of coming up short in competition and is ready to do something about it.  Welcome to a greater understanding of you!

Athletic Pressure

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PRESSURE

Competitive tennis is a high-pressure sport that combines physical demands with intense mental and emotional challenges. The following are the 10 most common stressors in competitive tennis, along with explanations of what causes the associated drama.

  1. Performance Pressure
  • Stress: Players are expected to win matches and improve rankings. A common emotional response is the fear of failure.
  • Drama: Losses or poor performances can lead to scrutiny, criticism, or disappointment, amplifying emotions. 

2.  Injury and Physical Strain

  • Stress: Tennis is physically demanding, and players frequently suffer from injuries like tendonitis, sprains, or muscle fatigue. Fear of injury or playing through pain adds stress.
  • Drama: Injuries often spark debates about players’ resilience, withdrawal decisions, or accusations of faking injuries to gain strategic advantages (e.g., medical timeouts).

3.  Mental Fatigue and Focus

  • Stress: Maintaining concentration during back-to-back matches can be exhausting. Players must manage nerves, momentum swings, and distractions to avoid overcomplicating winnable matches.
  • Drama: Mental breakdowns, such as poor inner dialogue, arguing with parents and opponents, waste precious energy.

4.  Rivalries and Personal Conflicts

  • Stress: Intense rivalries heighten emotional stakes, as players compete for dominance and legacy.
  • Drama: Off-court comments, perceived slights, or heated on-court exchanges can amplify stress. 

5.  Umpire and Line Call Disputes

  • Stress: Controversial calls or perceived unfair officiating can disrupt a player’s rhythm and focus, especially in critical moments.
  • Drama: Outbursts or accusations of bias create tense moments and post-match controversies.

6.  Scheduling and Travel Demands

  • Stress: The junior tennis calendar requires constant weekend travel with limited recovery time.
  • Drama: Complaints about scheduling or tournament conditions can create pressure and momentum.

7.  Financial Pressures

  • Stress: Parents and players struggle with tournament costs, coaching fees, and limited funds.
  • Drama: Financial stress can disrupt a player’s outcome needs, which adds pressure to competition.

8.  Friends and Parental Expectations

  • Stress: Constantly worrying about ranking/ratings and social media feedback (positive or negative) puts players under a microscope. 
  • Drama: Players’ reactions to criticism add stress to the competitive environment. 

9.  Career Uncertainty and Rankings

  • Stress: Rankings fluctuate with every tournament, affecting seeding and confidence. Young players face pressure to break through, while top competitors decline.
  • Drama: Ranking battles create narratives of dethroning champions or underdog triumphs, intensifying rivalries.

10.  Off-Court Controversies

  • Stress: Personal issues like school and non-tennis relationships can distract players and invite judgment.
  • Drama: Athletes feel pressure to live in both worlds. Choosing to be a champion or a normal teen requires taking very different pathways.

So, What Causes the Drama?

Tennis is as much a psychological drama as a physical contest. The drama in competitive tennis stems from the sport’s unique blend of individual accountability, high stakes, and public visibility. Unlike team sports, players bear the full weight of success or failure, magnifying emotional responses.

Frank Giampaolo (949)933-8163; FGSA@earthlink.net; MaximizingTennisPotential.com

Competitive Tennis and Positive Belief

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Comfort Is Where Dreams Go to Die

Let’s use an archer’s bullseye target as an analogy to illustrate the growth cycle of an athlete. The target rings have several colors. The black outer ring represents your child’s comfort zone. The inner blue rings represent the fear zone. The red-colored ring represents your athlete’s mastery zone. The inner circle or bullseye is yellow, representing the management zone. Top athletes have to manage the tools they’ve mastered. Common issues occur when the athlete would rather remain moderately uncomfortable yet safe instead of dealing with the uncertainties that would make a real change in their life. I recommend asking your athlete to repeat this saying:

“If I Keep on Doing What I’ve Always Done…I’m Gonna Keep Getting What I Always Got”

Solution: Improving your athlete’s performance starts by understanding the growth cycle. Athletes must be ready and willing to leave their Comfort Zone and step into their Fear Zone. Only by passing through the Fear Zone can Mastery be attained. After skills are mastered, managing those skills takes place. The pathway:

“Comfort Zone … Fear Zone …Mastery Zone …Management Zone”

My mentor, the late Vic Braden, said this a thousand times: “Once the pain of losing to another inferior opponent overrides the pain of change, the prognosis is good for quick improvement.” If change is still more painful, growth is stalled.

Changing Inner Belief

Beliefs have the power to create and the power to destroy. Teach your athlete that we all have empowering and destructive beliefs. Remind them that the power of positive inner belief will become thoughts that guide their new actions.

It’s important to note: Athletes can’t outplay their belief system, so if they think they can or can’t, they’re usually right.

One of the reasons that it’s challenging to change emotional habits is that the athlete is usually loyal to them only because they’ve believed in them for so long. Changing their perspective will take commitment from the athlete, parent, and coach. If your athlete is willing to improve their inner belief at crunch time, these ten tips are for you.

Solutions: Parents, please ask your athlete to utilize the following tips:

  1. Choose inner dialog and positive self-talk that boosts confidence versus the standard negative monologue that derails confidence.
  2. Please list of all your unique strengths, then one by one, appreciate them.
  3. Employ SMART goals which are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Timely. Reminder: Winning every time isn’t a smart goal.
  4. Develop a skill each day. Inner belief comes from growth.
  5. Seek new inspiring mentors as trusted advisors.
  6. Nourish your inner belief by exchanging pointless social media with informative YouTube posts regarding confidence and belief.
  7. The human mind magnifies the bad. So, review the matches you were clutch under pressure versus those you gifted away.
  8. Focus on what could go right versus what could go wrong.
  9. Remember: Where your focus goes, energy flows.”
  10. If you’re going to have an attitude, make it gratitude.

Changing inner belief begins with these ten simple reminders.

Avoidance versus Exposure

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Change Equals Improvement

“Everything Measurable Can Be Improved.”

Avoidance versus Exposure

Although avoidance can lead to temporary relief from anxiety, the avoidance approach typically creates deeper fear in the future. By putting off solutions, athletes unknowingly multiply their anxiety about the topic. Exposure strategies are more proactive. They lead to a way out of the drama while minimizing stress in the future. What helps an athlete improve? Avoidance or exposure? In the world of performance anxieties, the answer is more exposure. But what do most athletes choose? Avoidance.

Sometimes the most profound tip is the simplest. New, correct pathways often change athletic careers. The old saying is, “What you resist persists.” Teaching your youngster that avoidance can increase anxiety isn’t an easy sell, which is why most teaching professionals avoid it. Keeping lessons light decreases the drama of facing real issues, so most tennis pros avoid changing anything serious. If your athlete is hesitant to face their fears, these few tips should help.

Solution: Deciding on a plan and then putting it into action begins with sitting down and talking with your athlete. Start the conversation by acknowledging that you feel anxious about a particular topic and then ask them about their true feelings towards the issue. Let them know you want to support them and enjoy your time together through their tennis journey.

Remind them that it’s no accident that “Unshakeable” athletes are the way they are. It’s not by CHANCE …but by CHOICE. Next, nudge them in the direction that the most crucial component to control in the world of competition isn’t the drama; it’s their reaction to the drama. Then bring to light the reoccurring drama in your athlete’s matches and devise those customized solutions.

Competitive Pressure Triggers

Competitive pressure triggers are some of the most common stressors found in junior tennis. Guiding athletes to step beyond stroke mechanics allows them to look into the face of their match time anxieties. What are the athlete’s fears, worries, and anxieties? Most juniors stress out about a few of these pressure triggers. Identifying your athlete’s stressors starts here in the below top 10 stressors list.

Solution: After identifying the cause of your athlete’s panic, it’s time to ask their coach to help plug in a customized solution. Every topic that causes pressure needs more exposure. The problems lie in that most junior athletes avoid the difficulties they should be focusing on in hopes that they will go away. So, what will help your athlete conquer their performance anxieties, avoidance, or exposure?

Competitive Pressure Triggers

  1. Scoring Systems / Certain Stages of The Competition/Start Times
  2. Opponent’s Style of Play/Personality
  3. Gamesmanship
  4. Draw/Seeding
  5. Spectators/Cameras
  6. Environment/Conditions
  7. Court Surface
  8. Current Fitness/Energy Levels -Pain Tolerance Threshold
  9. Untrustworthy Mechanics
  10. Outcome Anxieties.

Any topics that cause the athlete stress should be discussed. Solutions to overcoming the athlete’s pressure riggers should be put into place.

Tennis: Thriving Versus Suffering

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“Don’t be upset by the results you didn’t get with the work you didn’t do.”

The Suffering

Izzy is a tall, quintessential California girl. When she walks into a club, heads turn, looking like the real deal. At age 16, she appears to be a WTA superstar in the making. Her father is sure that she’ll be on tour soon. Her coaches shake their heads because she looks like she could be world-class, but they know, at this rate, she won’t.

Unfortunately, with her current mindset, she’s spiraling downward. You see, she wants the rankings without the hard work. The rewards and not the struggle. The prestige, not the process. Izzy’s in love with the fan fair, not the fight. To Izzy, suffering is felt as a personal defeat. Having to work hard is something naturally gifted athletes don’t have to do. Sadly, triumph doesn’t work that way.

Solution: Izzy will have a shot at greatness if she buys into hard work and discipline. A less physically gifted athlete with a better work ethic will outperform a more physically talented athlete with a weaker work ethic. For all athletes, including the physically gifted, properly handling the pain of training determines success. Who you are is defined by how hard you are willing to work.

Intangibles

In our world, intangibles are software skills directly related to the character traits of a future college team member. Character traits are the core values and moral qualities present in an individual. Please remember that parents of college-bound athletes have very important jobs. One is the education of the below positive character traits.

“Sports don’t teach the below skills…they expose them.”

The leaders in high-performance tennis have nurtured these skills. These intangibles are educated by choice and not left to chance.

Solution: Plan on taking time daily to educate your child about the below topics:

  1. Grit: Courage and resolve; strength of character
  2. Motivation: The reason or reasons for attaining your goals.
  3. Trustworthiness: The ability to be relied on as honest or truthful.
  4. Gratitude: The appreciation of actions and benefits bestowed upon you.
  5. Accountability: The condition of being responsible for your actions.
  6. Commitment: The position of being dedicated to your cause.
  7. Respectfulness: A curious regard for others’ feelings or situations.
  8. Integrity: Having a solid moral compass and principles
  9. Honesty: Acting with fairness and righteous conduct.
  10. Effort: The amount of energy put into an attempt.
  11. Innovative: Applying creative problem-solving and advanced thinking.
  12. Competency: The ability to perform efficiently and successfully.
  13. Loyalty: A strong feeling of support or allegiance to your supporters.
  14. Ethics: The morals and principles that govern your behavior.
  15. Patience: The capacity to tolerate delay or suffering without getting upset.
  16. Desire: A deep feeling of acquiring something or wishing for it to happen.
  17. Sincerity: The quality of being free from pretense and deceit.
  18. Open-Mindedness: The willingness to consider new ideas without prejudice.

In the eyes of a future NCAA College Coach, these character traits are equally important to your athlete’s topspin backhand.

Parental Stressors

Understanding how to handle parental stressors allows you to thrive in this high-pressure environment. Parents would be wise to build coping strategies to thrive along this journey. Left unattended parental stress can have a very negative impact on your athlete’s mental health and performance ability.

But what exactly are these stressors, and how can parents identify them to adjust and ultimately limit the negative impact they can have on their athlete?

Solution: Read the following everyday stressors and identify which stressors may be affecting your life. The goal as a tennis parent is to create a plan for dealing with stressors, as they will surely be ever-present.

Organizational Stressors

  • Coaching Issues
  • Practice Scheduling/Coordination
  • Tournament Scheduling
  • Equipment Management
  • Interpersonal Conflicts
  • Perceived Lack of Support from Organization
  • Travel Logistics

Match Day Stressors

  • Outcome Wants
  • Injuries
  • Gamesmanship
  • Nervousness
  • Untrustworthy Mechanics
  • Tournament Draw

Personal Stressors

  • Lifestyle Issues
  • Work Commitments
  • Lack of Personal Time
  • Financial Issues
  • Social Factors
  • Outside Commitments

Considering how much we love our children and how much the family is committed to our children’s careers, feeling stressed can all be normal reactions to the competitive tennis world. If stress is getting the best of you, I suggest taking breaks from watching practice sessions or event tournament play. Avoid negative tennis parents that upset you. Finally, take care of your health. Make time to exercise and reconnect with your non-tennis friends.

Thriving vs. Suffering

We know that the lion’s share of gifted athletes never sees the higher levels of the sport. They possess the apparent physical ability but fall short of the psychological traits needed at the higher levels. What are the distinguishing factors that separate the athletes who thrive in the later years of high-performance tennis versus those phenoms who show great promise and then suffer and burn out?

Solution: Twelve software topics to discuss:

  1. Frustration Tolerance: The best athletes can remain calm under adversity.
  2. Focus Ability: This allows the top athlete to stay in the moment, match after match.
  3. Seek Growth: Trust in the learning process. With losses and setbacks comes the opportunity for improvement.
  4. Conquer Fear: They compartmentalize their worries and focus on their performance goals.
  5. Confidence Is Nurtured: Inner belief is promoted as a form of positive brainwashing.
  6. Effort and Sacrifice: Without self-discipline, physical talent is wasted.
  7. A Sense of Gratitude: Appreciating the journey.
  8. Innate Ability to Fight: Keeping their foot firmly on the gas from the first point until they cross the finish line.
  9. Courage: To make bold, quick, Intelligent decisions at crunch time.
  10. Optimism: In every division, to be the best, one must beat the best, which requires inner belief.
  11. Leadership: They bring out the best in themselves and those around them
  12. Ability to Suffer: Grit, resiliency, and the capacity to handle hardships.

By understanding and applying these software essentials, your athlete will thrive under the typical game-day stress of competition.